Fig. 5
GNPs treatment significantly changed gut microbiota diversity and composition. (A) Venn diagram of features in ACLTVehicle and ACLTGNPs groups. (B) PCoA based on the Bray-Curtis distance, Unweighted-UniFrad and Weighted-UniFrad distances. (C) Bar graphs about the abundance of microbiota with functional clustering in ACLTVehicle and ACLTGNPs groups. (D) Metabolic potential of microbial taxa predicted by PICRUSt2. The figure illustrates the relative abundance of microbial groups and their roles in major metabolic pathways, including carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. (E) Bar graphs about gut microbiota at phylum taxonomic level in ACLTVehicle and ACLTGNPs groups. (F) Circos plot about the relative abundance of bacterial phyla between ACLTVehicle and ACLTGNPs groups. The different colored ribbon represents specific phylum and the width of ribbon is directly proportional to the abundance of phylum. The ribbon connects bacterial taxa to their respective sample. (G) Statistical differences of gut microbiota at phylum taxonomic level between ACLTVehicle and ACLTGNPs groups were evaluated with box plots. (A-G) n = 7 samples per group. (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, N.S represented not significant)