Fig. 6

Fecal microbiota composition of ACLT^Vehicle and ACLT^GNPs mice at genus taxonomic level. (A) Relative abundance of gut microbiota at genus taxonomic level in ACLT^Vehicle and ACLT^GNPs groups. (B) Sankey plot of the taxonomic data changed with the breadth of the branch at genus (right side) and phylum (middle) levels in ACLT^Vehicle and ACLT^GNPs groups (left side). The color and width of the branches represents the flow of specific genera within different phyla. (C) Heatmap of different gut microbiota at genus taxonomic level between ACLT^Vehicle and ACLT^GNPs groups. Color in the heatmap is utilized to describe specific general abundance, with blue indicating lower abundance and red indicating higher abundance. (D) Statistical differences of gut microbiota at genus taxonomic level between ACLT^Vehicle and ACLT^GNPs groups were evaluated with box plots. (E) Relative abundance of genus Lactobacillus in each group was displayed by bar plots. (F) Relative abundance of genus Akkermansia in each group was displayed by bar plots. (G) Relative abundance of genus Alloprevotella in each group was displayed by bar plots. (H) A phylogenetic tree with cladogram computed by linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) algorithm depicted taxonomic association between microbiome communities from ACLT^Vehicle and ACLT^GNPs groups. The circles radiating from inside to outside represents the taxonomic level from Kingdom to Species. Each node on different levels represents the specific taxon, and the node diameter was proportional to the relative abundance. Yellow nodes represent no significant difference in species between the two groups. Red nodes indicate taxa predominant in ACLT^GNPs mice. Green nodes indica taxa predominant in ACLT^Vehicle mice. (I) LEfSe score indicated statistical differences in species between ACLT^Vehicle and ACLT^GNPs groups. (A-I) n = 7 samples per group. (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, N.S represented not significant)