Fig. 4

Evaluation of in vitro treatment efficacy of BiPM@IOK hydrogel. A Relative cell viability of MH7A and RAW264.7 incubated with BiP@IOK for 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. B Cellular uptake of BiNS/PEI released from BiPM@IOK labelled by Cy5-PEI. Scale bar: 100 μm. C Detection of intracellular ROS level stained by DCFH-DA in MH7A cells. Scale bar: 100 μm. D Cell viability of MH7A cells with various treatments, *, p < 0.05, ***, p < 0.001. 1: Control, 2: LPS, 3: Lasers, 4: MTX@IOK, 5: BiP@IOK, 6: BiP@IOK + 660 nm, 7: BiP@IOK + 808 nm, 6: BiP@IOK + 660 nm, 8: BiP@IOK + Lasers (660 + 808 nm), 9: BiPM@IOK + Lasers (660 + 808 nm). E Fluorescence images of MH7A cells co-stained by Calcein AM and PI with different treatments. Scale bar: 100 μm. Concentration of TNF-α (F), IL-1β (G) and IL-6 (H) secreted by RAW 264.7 cells with different treatments detected by ELISA kit, **, p < 0.01, ***, p < 0.001