Fig. 3

Photodynamic therapy using mSHS@PpIX completely eradicated primary melanoma in vivo. a Immunohistochemical staining for S-100B on longitudinal sections of subcutaneous melanoma and the neighboring skin. b Immunohistochemical staining for S-100B on sections of sentinel lymph nodes. c Representative photos of various organs of normal mice and melanoma mice. The first line shows the organs of normal mice, and the second line shows the organs of melanoma mice (before treatment). d, e General administration plan of mSHS mediated photodynamic therapy for melanoma in mice. d Treatment programs. The treatment period of melanoma in mice was 16 days, and the mice in each group were treated with PpIX on day 0, day 3, day 6 and day 9, respectively. Tumors underwent irradiation at a wavelength of 635 nm, with a light dosage of 1 W administered for a duration of 15 min on day 1, day 4, day 7, and day 10 consecutively. e The area of massage and laser. The red, orange and gray circles were simulated tumors. The red indicated the area of each administration, the orange indicated the laser irradiation site, and the gray represented the area where the drug was no longer administered. f–j Photographs showing tumor-bearing mice subsequent to diverse treatment modalities. The mice in mSHS group survived well on the 60th day. All the mice in SHS group died during the treatment. The mice in the other groups were sacrificed on the 15th day of treatment. k The tumor volume changes of the mice after treatment in 16 days. l The relative body weight changes of the mice after treatment. m: The weight of tumors dissected from each group of mice after treatment