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Table 1 Platforms using rGO or GO on glassy carbon electrode, pencil graphite electrode and screen printed carbon electrode

From: Impact of nano-morphology, lattice defects and conductivity on the performance of graphene based electrochemical biosensors

Electrode platform

GO assembly method

Reduction of GO

Supporting electrolyte

pH of electrolyte

Applied potential

Electrochemical time/cycle

References

GCE/rGO*

Drop-cast 10 µL GO (2 mg/mL)

Electrochemical

Na-PBS

4

− 0.9 V

2000 s

[98]

GCE/rGO*

Drop-cast GO (1 mg/mL)

CV

N2-purged PBS

7

From 0.0 to − 1.5 V

15 cycles

[99]

GCE/rGO

Drop-cast 5 µL rGO

Chemical (hydrazine)

PBS

7

From − 1.5 to + 1.1 V

30 cycles

[100]

PGE/rGO*

N/A

CV

GO suspension (1 mg/mL)

8.5

From 0.0 to − 1.0 V

10 cycles

[101]

PGE/rGO*

N/A

Electrochemical

GO suspension (0.12 mg/mL)

N/A

− 1 V

260 s

[102]

PGE/GO

Immerse PGE in 100 µL GO (400 µg/mL) for 15 min

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

[86]

SPCE/rGO*

Drop-cast 5 µL GO (0.1 mg/mL)

CV

PBS

7

From 0.0 to − 1.5 V

Until a constant current was achieved

[103]

SPCE/rGO*

Drop-cast 5 µL GO (0.3 mg/mL)

CV

N2-purged KCl

N/A

From 0.0 to − 1.4 V

10 cycles

[104]

SPCE/rGO*

Drop-cast 100µL GO/APBA (1 mg/mL)

CV

Na2SO4

N/A

From − 1.2 to + 1.2 V

40 cycles

[105]

  1. * Reduced graphene oxide is part of a composite-based platform