Polymeric nanomedicines for the treatment of hepatic diseases

Table 3 Reported cellular receptors and corresponding ligands in liver-targeted drug delivery

Liver cell type	Cellular target	Targeting ligand	References
Hepatocytes	Asialoglycoprotein receptor	Galactose	[50, 51]
		N-acetyl galactosamine	[52]
		Asialofetuin	[53]
		PreS1 peptide	[54]
		Lactobionic acid	[55, 56]
		Lactosyl-norcantharidin	[57]
		Soybean sterylglucoside	[58]
		Pullulan	[27]
	Scavenger receptor class B type I	Apo A-I	[28]
	Glycyrrhizin receptors Glycyrrhetinic acid receptor	Glycyrrhizin Glycyrrhetinic acid	[29] [55, 59, 60]
	Heparan sulfate	CKNEKKNKIERNNKLKQPP peptide	[61]
	Low density lipoprotein receptor	Apo E and ApoB100	[62, 63]
	Folate receptor	Folate	[51, 64, 65]
	C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4	Plerixafor	[66]
	Transferrin receptors	DT7 and LT7 peptides, transferrin	[67]
	CD44	Hyaluronan	[68]
LESCs	Low-density lipoprotein receptor	KLGR peptide	[69]
	Scavenger receptor	Aconitylated human serum albumin	[70]
		LPS and oxidized or acetylated LDL	[71]
	Hyaluronan receptor	Hyarluronic acid stearylamine	[72]
	Mannose receptors	Mannose/N-acetylglucosamine	[73, 74]
		Gelatin and collagen a-chain	[75]
	Fc receptors	IgG and IgE	[76]
KCs	Mannose receptors	Mannose	[77]
		4-Aminophenyl-α-d-mannopyranoside	[78]
	Fucose receptors	Fucose	[79]
	Galactose receptors	Galactose	[80]
	Scavenger receptors	IgG and calcitriol	[81]
		LPS and oxidized or acetylated LDL	[71]
	Fc receptors	CC52 antibody	[82]
	Complement receptors	Complement fragments (e.g. C3b and iC3b)	[83]
HSCs	Mannose-6-phosphate receptor	Mannose 6-phosphate	[84]
	Retinol binding protein receptor	Retinol	[85] [86, 87]
	Type VI collagen receptor	cRGD* peptide	[88, 89]
	PDGFβ receptor	pPB	[90, 91]
	Scavenger receptor class A	M6P-HSA	[92]

Apo, apolipoprotein; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; LDL, low density lipoprotein; cRGD, cyclic Arginine-Glycine-aspartic acid; PDGFβ, platelet derived growth factor β; pPB, cyclic PDGFβR-recognizing peptides; M6P-HAS, mannose 6-phosphate human serum albumin

ISSN: 1477-3155