Fig. 5

Density functional theory calculations of molecular properties. A Optimized interface structure of ZnO/Ti₃C₂T_x. B Calculated charge density difference of ZnO/Ti₃C₂T_x. C Work of adhesion at the ZnO/Ti₃C₂T_x interface. D Calculated charge density difference of ZnO/Ti₃C₂T_x-R6G. E UV–vis spectra of R6G, Ti₃C₂T_x, and Ti₃C₂T_x-R6G measured by Ultraviolet–visible Spectrophotometer. F Density of states of ZnO/Ti₃C₂T_x and ZnO/Ti₃C₂T_x-R6G. G–I UV–vis spectra of (G) MB, Ti₃C₂T_x, and Ti₃C₂T_x-MB, (H) AB, Ti₃C₂T_x, and Ti₃C₂T_x-AB, and (I) CV, Ti₃C₂T_x, and Ti₃C₂T_x-CV measured by Ultraviolet–visible Spectrophotometer